In the past, official creditors of African countries were primarily the rich Western states and multilateral institutions like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. This group has now expanded to include China, India, Turkey and multilateral institutions like the African Export-Import Bank and the New Development Bank.
AuthorDanny Bradlow
Danny Bradlow is SARCHI Professor of International Development Law and African Economic Relations, University of Pretoria. His areas of expertise are the law and policy aspects of global economic governance, international development law, international economic and financial law.
